Zukauskas, Rebecca. "Microaggressions." Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2019. EBSCOhost.
Chen, Jason. "The Core of Oppression: Why is it Wrong?" Social Theory & Practice, vol. 43, no. 2, Apr. 2017, p.421-441. EBSCOhost.
Stahl, Titus. "Collective Responsibility for Oppression." Social Theory & Practice, vol. 43, no. 3, July 2017, p 473-501. EBSCOhost
Nadal, Kevin L., et al. "Challenging Definitions of Psychological Trauma: Connecting Racial Microaggressions and Traumatic Stress." Journal for Social Action in Counseling & Psychology, vol. 11, no.2, Winter 2019, pp 2-16. EBSCOhost.
Internalized Oppression: The Psychology of Marginalized Groups by 
Dismantling Everyday Discrimination: Microaggressions Toward LGBTQ People by 
From Oppression to Grace: Women of Color and Their Dilemmas Within the Academy by Oppression works at both the institutional and individual level.
1. Institutionalized or structural oppression works systemically to oppress some groups of people, whether through inequality in the law, access to economic or educational opportunity,
2. Interpersonal or individual oppression occurs between people. Oppression may be overt or covert.
3. Internalized oppression is the unconscious feeling like one doesn't belong. This helps to perpetuates a cycle of oppression.
1. a subtle but offensive comment or action directed at a minority or other non-dominant group that is often unintentional or unconsciously reinforces a stereotype: microaggressions such as "I don't see you as black."
2. the act of discriminating against a non-dominant group by means of such comments or actions: The diversity committee discussed the issue of microaggressions toward women on campus.
(definition of microaggression is from Dictionary.com)
509-542-4887 library@columbiabasin.edu 2600 N 20th Ave, Pasco, WA. 99301
